The United Development Party (PPP) once stood as the political home of Indonesia’s Muslim middle ground. Today, however, it is a house divided. The party’s 10th Congress (Muktamar) in late September did not deliver the long-awaited unity after PPP’s humiliating failure to clear the parliamentary threshold in the 2024 election. Instead, it ended with two rival claims to the chairmanship: Muhammad Mardiono and Agus Suparmanto. To subscribe please click here
